Research on biomaterials and natural dyes.
Carried out in 2023-2024.
This was my thesis on smart and sustainable design studies at HAMK (Hämeenlinna University of Applied Sciences)
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In this thesis, I explored the use of biomaterials as raw materials for creating art. My focus was on experimenting with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), combining it with bio-waste and natural dyes. Based on these material tests, I designed a biodegradable artwork. The project involved conducting biomaterial tests, creating prototypes, designing the final artwork, and documenting the entire process.

My approach was primarily experimental, observational, and utilized chance. I observed and analyzed the outcomes of various biomaterial experiments to answer my research questions; how can art be created using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), bio-waste, and natural dyes?

Throughout the process, I produced a total of 55 test samples and 3 larger material sheets, two of which were used for creating the first prototypes. 
These raw materials were used in the process:
Natural Dyes:
Red cabbage (by-product)
Hibiscus petals
Spirulina powder
Bio-waste:
Banana peels
Flower petals
Lemon peels
Avocado peels
Eggshells
Turmeric powder
Red cabbage
Onion skins
In total, I produced 58 material samples with diverse properties, all bio-based, biodegradable, and non-toxic. The materials, sourced from local bio-waste, were created with minimal energy and waste, adhering to circular economy principles.


This project laid a great foundation for future research for myself and why not others as well. 

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Here's a permanent link to the research paper: https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-202405059259